Method and apparatus for forming heads on rivets



Nov. 15, 1927. 1,649,334

w. J. BELCHER METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING HEADS on RIVETS FiledDec. 20. 1923 I IyVE NTQR. My $4 M,

M A TTORNEYQQ.

Patented ov. 1 5, 1921.

UNITED STATES 1,649,334 PATENT OFFICE.

wsmmn J. nnncnnn, or nan'rronn, oommorrcu'r, assronon To run wnrrmw mre.

00., O! HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT,

A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

IITEOIO AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING HEADS ON BIVITS.

Application filed December 20, 1923. Serial No. 681,712.

My invention relates to the method and apparatus for forming heads onrivets and is particularly a plicable to the formation of heads on pintes as used in chains of the to reduce the wear and increase the life ofvthe chain. The most satisfactory and economical method of fastening thepintles in the links is to form a rivet-head on the ends of the pintlesafter the chain is assembled. 'In the ty of chain where asoft'pintle-may be used l e formation of the rivet-head on the end ofthe pintle presents no 'articularly difficult problem, but where harpintles are used, it is a diflicult problem to form the rivet-heads onthe ends of the pintles. This method, however," may be foundadvantageous with pintles which are not hard in the sense used in thepreceding sentence.

Several schemes have been used heretoe fore; among, them the use ofelectricity to heat the pintle and some suitable means for, forming thehead while hot; emery discs have been used to raise the temperature ofthe ends of the pintles by friction and some suitable means subsequentlyused to form the rivet-heads, and grooves have been placed around theends of the pintles and sna -collars or washers placed on the ends of te pintles to hold the parts together. I

All of the foregoing are objectionable for one reason or another. Theelectrical heating arrangement is complicated and diflicult to operateand is also expensive. It is also impractical if not impossible tosufliciently localize the heating to avoid damage to the hard pintles.The use of the'emery, wheel 5 has the disadvantage that emery dust getsintov the joints of the chain and has a very detrimental effect upon thelife of the chain for obvious reasons. Theuse of grooves and collars isexpensive in that ,it requires a great amount of manual operation.

instance a member corresponding to the difliculties mentioned connectionwit Inuny method the pintles, when in position in the chain, may bemoved over a supporting sprocket 1, so arranged that one end of thepintle bearsagainst an anvil 2 and the other end of the pintle comesopposite the face of the member 3 which is carried by a holder 4. Theholder 4.- is mounted in a spindle connected with the pulley 5 and,rotated b a belt 6 or other suitable means. The anvi 2 is supported inguides 7 on the base 8 of the machine. The spindle carrying the holder 4is likewise mounted m guides carried by the base 8. The holder 4 andanvil 2 may be. made to approach or recede from each other by anysuitable means known in the art. Ordinarily, the anvil 2 does not rotatebut if desired, a holder like the holder 4 may be provided in place ofthe anvil 2, and rotated. In this member 3 will be carried by theholder.

The sprocket 1 may be automatically rotated or the chain 9 maybe fedthrough the machine by hand.

Aclamping member 10 engages the top of the chain as it comes over the srocket 1 and holds the chain in osition. he chain is fed to the sprocketrom a table 11 and after passing over the sprocket and having therivet-heads formed on the intles the chain drops into a coil on the coror on suitable mechanism. for transporting it.

As the chain asses throu h the machine as above descri ed, one en of thepintle rests against the anvil 2 andthe other end is op osite the member3 which is rotating at a ig-h s ed. By operating the mechanism provi edfor that purpose, the anvil 2 and member 3 aplproach each other and thefriction created the relative movement between the end 0 the pintle andthe memher 3 quickly heats the end. of the pintle to a high temperature.The heating is effected so quickly that the high temperature does notextend to any substantial extent along we the pintle, but remainslocalized on the end. The temperature is such as to draw the ternperfrom the end of the pintle, and the pressure is such as to cause themetal to flow :transversely of the pintle to form the rivetwe head 12on-the end of the pintle. This 0 r-' the in one operation, thus entirelyavoiding h 1; g 110 rior methods and, at the same time, producmg betterresults at a greater rate of speed and at ve much less expense.

I have iscovered that a metal known as stellite is particularly wellsuited for use in the above method in creating the tempera- I ture andforming the heads on the pintles.

This metal is very hard and durable and does not lose its hardnessperceptibly at the tem eratures required in forming the heads on t epintles. It therefore is not substantially worn away by its use as abovedescribed. Nor does it take away any substantial amount of the pintle orother member. Stellite has an extremely hard surface which extends to athickness of possibly a sixty-fourth of an inch. By forming the member 3in the form of a cube. six surfaces are available and when one of suchsurfaces is worn away partially, another face of the cube may bepresented, and so on, until all six faces of the cube have been used. t

In practice I have found that one face of a cube of stellite can be usedto place a large number of heads on hard pintles. The cube 3 ofstellite; is held in place inthe holder 4 by the set-screws 13.

The machine may be adjusted for chains of different widths by the handwheels 14 which move the carriages 15 on the base 8 of the machine.

In some instances I have found it advantageous to place a cube ofstellite where.

the anvil 2 appears in the drawings and to rotate both cubes of,stellite and thereby form heads on both ends of the pintles at the sametime. Both forms come within rivet-head in a broad sense.

of apparatus may be used, if desired.

thescope of my invention.

In the foregoing description and in the appended claims I have used theterm I do not intend to limit my invention to use on rivets, but intendthat it be considered broad enough to include all problems similar tothat of forming rivet-heads.

While I have shown and described one form of apparatus for carrying outmy method, it will be evident that other forms .heatlng means .to theheate 2. The method of forming rivet-heads .on

chain pintles which consists in passing the I tion thereby drawing thetemper of the.

metal locally and applying pressure to the heated metal to cause themetal of the pintles to flow to form the rivet-heads.

3. The method of forming heads on rivets which consists in raising thetemperature and drawing the temper of the ends of the rivets by frictionand simultaneously applying pressure to the heated ends to form theheads. I

4. The method of forming heads on rivets which consists in raising thetemperature and drawing the temper of the ends of the rivets by frictionby a non-cutting surface and applying pressure to the heated endsthrough the friction means to formheads on the rivets. I

5. The method of forming heads on rivets of hard metial which consistsin ressing a nonc utting, rotating surface tot e end of the rivet toraise the temperature and draw the temper of the end of the rivet andcause the metal to flow to form.the head.

6. The method offorming'heads on rivets of hard metal which consists inpressing a rotating surface of stellite to the end of the rivet to raisethe temperature of the end of the rivet-and cause the metal to flow toform the head. Q

7. The method of forming rivet-heads on chain pintles which consists inpassing both ends of the pintles into contact with rotating, non-cuttingelements, raising the temperature and drawing the temper of the ends ofthe pintles by friction and apply-- ing pressure to the heated metal tocause the metal of the pintles to flow to form rivet-heads.

8. The method of forming headson hard pintles for chains which consistsin frictionally heating and drawing the temper of the ends of thepintles for a distance not substantially beyond the head to be formedand applying pressure b the frictional 'ortion'to form the head withoutsubstantia loss of metal from the pintle'.

9. The method of forming heads on hard metal pintles for chainswhichconsists in placing the pintles in the links of the chain,

WARRE J. BELcHEa.

drawing the temperlocally of the ends of

